Description

Motor Driver Board/Smart Car/Robot

This module employs the L298N as its main driver chip, characterized by strong driving capability, low heat generation, and robust anti-interference ability. The chip adopts a 15-pin package. Its main features include: high operating voltage, up to 46V; large output current, with an instantaneous peak current of up to 3A and a continuous operating current of 2A; and a rated power of 25W. It incorporates two high-voltage, high-current full-bridge drivers with H-bridges, capable of driving inductive loads such as DC motors, stepper motors, and relay coils. It uses standard logic level signals for control and features two enable control terminals that allow or disable device operation independently of input signals. It has a logic power input terminal, enabling the internal logic circuit to operate at low voltage. An external sensing resistor can be connected to feed back variations to the control circuit. The chip can drive either a two-phase or four-phase stepper motor, as well as two DC motors. The module can draw power through the built-in 78M05 from the drive power supply for operation, but to avoid damaging the voltage regulator chip, an external 5V logic power supply should be used when the drive voltage exceeds 12V. The module uses high-capacity filter capacitors and freewheeling protection diodes to enhance reliability.

Product Basic Parameters:

• Main Control Chip: L298N
• Operating Mode: H-Bridge Drive (Dual Channel)
• Logic Voltage: 5V-7V
• Logic Current: 0-36mA
• Drive Voltage: 5-35V (for on-board power, 7V-35V)
• Drive Current: 2A (MAX per bridge)
• Storage Temperature: -20°C to +135°C
• Maximum Power: 25W
• Control Signal Input Voltage Range:
  • Low Level: -0.3V ≤ Vin ≤ 1.5V
  • High Level: 2.3V ≤ Vin (relative to Vss)
• Enable Signal Input Voltage Range:
  • Low Level (Invalid): 0.3V ≤ Vin ≤ 1.5V
  • High Level (Valid): 2.3V ≤ Vin (relative to Vss)

Product Dimensions:

Interface Description:

Usage Instructions:

When the drive voltage (labeled as VCC input on the board, with an actual acceptable input range of 7-12V) is between 7V and 12V, i.e., when the VCC motor drive terminal is connected to the drive power supply, press the button to use the on-board 78M05 to supply logic power to the chip. The indicator light will turn on, and an external logic power supply is not required. After using the on-board 5V power supply, do not input voltage into the +5V power supply terminal in the interface, but you can output 5V voltage for external use. (This is the conventional application!)

When the drive voltage is higher than 12V but less than or equal to 24V (the chip manual states support up to 35V, but based on experience, generally, the conservative maximum voltage support for L298 is up to 24V, which is impressive!), such as when driving a motor with a rated voltage of 18V, first, turn off the on-board 5V output button, and the indicator light will go off. Do not use the on-board 78M05 to supply logic power to the chip. Instead, connect a 5V voltage externally to the 5V output port to power the internal logic circuit of L298N. (This is an unconventional application for high-voltage drive!)

5V enable is a control signal with a level of 5V. When this signal is input and valid, and the power supply to the motor drive module is normal, the motor drive module outputs current. Otherwise, even if the power supply is normal, there will be no current on the motor.

The L298N enable terminals (active high, normally connected to VCC with a jumper cap) can achieve PWM speed control through these two ports 1 (remove the jumper cap when using PWM speed control). ENA and ENB are connected to EPWM signals, while IN1, IN2, IN3, and IN4 are normally connected to high and low levels to make the motor rotate forward, reverse, or stop.

Precautions:

If the 5V power supply for L298N is provided by a separate power source (i.e., not shared with the microcontroller’s power source), the GND of the microcontroller and the GND of the module need to be connected together. Only then will the logic signals from the microcontroller have a reference 0 point. The input pin of the on-board 5V voltage regulator chip is connected to the motor power supply drive terminals.